A cable toner is a device for determining if the fundamental cable installation has been done properly. It should be noted that we are not discussing the sophisticated type of test set required to certify a particular level of performance, such as a Category 5e link or channel.
In its simplest form, the toner is a simple continuity tester that confirms that what is connected at one end is electrically continuous to the other end. An electrical signal, or tone, is injected on the circuit being tested and is either received and verified on the other end or looped back for verification on the sending end. Some tools provide visual feedback (with a meter), whereas others utilize audio feedback. Testing may require that you have a partner at the far end of the cable to administer the inductive probe or loop-back device (this can also be accomplished with a lot of scurrying back and forth on your part). Figure 1 shows a tone generator, and Figure 2 shows the corresponding amplifier probe.
Figure 1: A tone generator
More sophisticated testers will report not only continuity but also length of run, and will check for shorts and crosses (accidental contact of one conductor with another), reversed pairs, transposed pairs, and split pairs.
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